CrossRef enabled

PAC Archives

Archive →

Pure Appl. Chem., 2003, Vol. 75, No. 11-12, pp. 2397-2403

http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375112397

The nature of the ligand-binding pocket of estrogen receptor alpha and beta: The search for subtype-selective ligands and implications for the prediction of estrogenic activity

J. A. Katzenellenbogen, R. Muthyala and B. S. Katzenellenbogen

Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

Abstract: The ligand-binding pockets of estrogen receptor alpha and beta (ERα and ERβ) appear to have subpockets of different size and flexibility. To find ligands that will discriminate between the two ER subtypes on the basis of affinity or efficacy, we have prepared compounds of varying size, shape and structure. We have evaluated the binding affinity of these compounds and their potency and efficacy as transcriptional activators through ERα and ERβ. In this manner, we have identified a number of ligands that show pronounced ER subtype selectivity. These studies also highlight the eclectic structure–activity relationships of estrogens and the challenges inherent in developing computational methods for the prediction of estrogenic activity.