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Pure Appl. Chem., 2003, Vol. 75, No. 11-12, pp. 2151-2158

http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375112151

Use of NOAEL, benchmark dose, and other models for human risk assessment of hormonally active substances

R. W. Setzer, Jr. and C. A. Kimmel

USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Experimental Toxicology Division, Pharmacokinetics Branch, MD B143-01 109 TW Alexander Drive,Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA;

USEPA Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment (8623D), Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA

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  • Xue Jinling, Lu Yun, Velasquez Natalia, Yu Ruozhen, Hu Hongying, Liu Zhengtao, Meng Wei: Introduction of risk size in the determination of uncertainty factor UFLin risk assessment. Environ. Res. Lett. 2012, 7, 034036. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034036>
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  • Greish Sarah, Ismail Saad M., Mosleh Yahia, Loutfy Naglaa, Dessouki Amina Ali, Ahmed Mohamed Tawfic: Human Risk Assessment of Profenofos: A Case Study in Ismailia, Egypt. GPOL 2011, 31, 28. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406638.2011.545727>
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  • Stevenson R. Jan, Hill Brian H., Herlihy Alan T., Yuan Lester L., Norton Susan B.: Algae–P relationships, thresholds, and frequency distributions guide nutrient criterion development. J N am Benthol Soc 2008, 27, 783. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1899/07-077.1>
  • Manini Paola, De Palma Giuseppe, Mutti Antonio: Exposure assessment at the workplace: Implications of biological variability. Toxicol Lett 2007, 168, 210. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.09.014>