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Pure Appl. Chem., 2000, Vol. 72, No. 8, pp. 1453-1470

http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200072081453

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY DIVISION
COMMISSION ON MICROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES AND TRACE ANALYSIS

CHEMISTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT DIVISION
COMMISSION ON FUNDAMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY AND HUMAN HEALTH DIVISION
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY SECTION
COMMISSION ON TOXICOLOGY

Guidelines for terms related to chemical speciation and fractionation of elements. Definitions, structural aspects, and methodological approaches (IUPAC Recommendations 2000)

Douglas M. Templeton1*, Freek Ariese2, Rita Cornelis3*, Lars-Göran Danielsson4, Herbert Muntau5, Herman P. van Leeuwen6 and Ryszard Lobinski7

1 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Canada
2 Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
3 Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gent, Belgium
4 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
5 Environmental Institute, Joint Research Centre Ispra, (VA) Italy
6 Department of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen Agricultural University, the Netherlands
7 CNRS UMR 5034, Hélioparc, Pau, France, and Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology,Warszawa, Poland

Abstract: This paper presents definitions of concepts related to speciation of elements, more particularly speciation analysis and chemical species. Fractionation is distinguished from speciation analysis, and a general outline of fractionation procedures is given. We propose a categorization of species according to isotopic composition of the element, its oxidation and electronic states, and its complex and molecular structure. Examples are given of methodological approaches used for speciation analysis. A synopsis of the methodology of dynamic speciation analysis is also presented.

Projects

Project 720/13/98
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Cited by 254 articles Other PAC articles by these authors